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陆地棉纤维品质和产量性状相关位点的基因组鉴定结果

2017-06-07来源:莱肯生物
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      陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum)属于异源四倍体的棉花栽培种,因具有适应性强、产量高、纤维品质好的特点,已成为重要的纤维作物。全球陆地棉的栽培面积已超过三千万公顷,产量超过棉花总产量的95%。因此,陆地棉的基因组研究及遗传改良工作意义重大。最近,南京农业大学和浙江大学教授张天真团队在《Nature Genetics》杂志上发表了他们对陆地棉纤维品质和产量性状选育特点和相关位点的基因组鉴定结果。

      研究人员对收集的318份地方品种和改良栽培种进行了全基因组重测序,通过基因组分析鉴定了皮棉产量和纤维品质性状相关的位点。更多的皮棉产量相关位点表明了该性状更强烈的人工选择信号,而改良的栽培种中皮棉产量的提高与两个乙烯代谢途径相关基因有着直接的联系。此外,研究人员发现54.8%的核心GWAS等位基因位点其实都来源于三个地方品种Deltapine 5、Stoneville 2B和Uganda Mian中。

      这些研究结果为陆地棉的驯化遗传学研究以及品种性状改良工作提供了良好的基因组学数据基础。

Nature Genetics, 05 June 2017
Genomic analyses in cotton identify signatures of selection and loci associated with fiber quality and yield traits
Author
Lei Fang, Qiong Wang, Yan Hu……Wangzhen Guo, Xiongming Du & Tianzhen Zhang*
*: State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University; Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, China.
Abstract
Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is the most important natural fiber crop in the world. The overall genetic diversity among cultivated species of cotton and the genetic changes that occurred during their improvement are poorly understood. Here we report a comprehensive genomic assessment of modern improved upland cotton based on the genome-wide resequencing of 318 landraces and modern improved cultivars or lines. We detected more associated loci for lint yield than for fiber quality, which suggests that lint yield has stronger selection signatures than other traits. We found that two ethylene-pathway-related genes were associated with increased lint yield in improved cultivars. We evaluated the population frequency of each elite allele in historically released cultivar groups and found that 54.8% of the elite genome-wide association study (GWAS) alleles detected were transferred from three founder landraces: Deltapine 15, Stoneville 2B and Uganda Mian. Our results provide a genomic basis for improving cotton cultivars and for further evolutionary analysis of polyploid crops.
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[责任编辑:wangjing] 标签: nbsp 陆地棉 基因组 位点 性状
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