三氧化二砷是众所周知的剧毒物质。它可以被作物吸收并积累，严重威胁消费者的健康。最新的科研进展已经让我们对植物对三氧化二砷的吸收、解毒、积累的机制有了更深的理解。植物中的砷酸盐还原酶可以将砷酸盐还原成亚砷酸盐，从而降低砷在植物果实中的积累。此外，三氧化二砷解毒和转运蛋白也可以降低其含量。这些新蛋白的发现使低砷甚至无砷农作物的培育、粮食砷污染问题的解决均成为可能。
该文系统总结了三氧化二砷在植物中的代谢机制，并探讨了低砷作物的培育策略。Trends in Plant Science, 19 October 2017
New Molecular Mechanisms to Reduce Arsenic in Crops
Author
Emma R. Lindsay, Frans J.M. Maathuis
Department of Biology, University of York, UK
Abstract
Arsenic is toxic to all life forms and is a potent carcinogen. Its accumulation in crop plants and subsequent consumption poses a serious threat to public health worldwide. Recent developments have enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing arsenic uptake, detoxification, and accumulation in plants. In particular, the identification of plant arsenate reductase enzymes and emerging details of the processes underlying arsenic distribution and deposition in the seed will prove invaluable in the development of new strategies to mitigate this threat. Here we provide an outline of these recent developments and suggest new molecular mechanisms that could be employed to reduce arsenic in crops.
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